EXTERNAL HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE LOADING OF CONCRETE CYLINDER SHELLS,
 79-PVP 125, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, by H.H. Haynes, et at, June 1979, 12 pages.

An experimental test program on 1 5 unreinforced concrete cylindrical shells was conducted by subjecting the specimens to external hydrostatic pressure loading. Specimen size was an outside diameter of 54 in. (1 372 mm), length 127 in. (3225 mm), and wall thickness of 1.31, 1.97, or 3.39 in. (33, 50, or 86 mm). The implosion strength and structural response of the specimens were determined. An independent analysis was conducted, without the benefit of the test results, using a finite element program called NONSAP-A with an advanced constitutive relation subroutine for the concrete. The analysis predicted the behavior of the specimens with good accuracy.